## 对比文件与目标专利名称
**对比文件**：2013-02-28_US2013054850A_发明申请_US20130054850A1 DATA MODIFICATION FOR DEVICE COMMUNICATION CHANNEL PACKETS
**目标专利**：474用于外围组件互连(PCI)快速(PCIE)系统的安全技术CN112714911B
**模型名称**：本次分析基于对比文件US20130054850A1与目标专利CN112714911B的权利要求进行技术特征比对评估。
---
## 特征比对表格
| 技术特征描述及公开性判断 | 对比文件原文引用 | 公开性论述 |
| **技术特征A**：《直接公开》<br>向TLP分组上前置传输层协议TLP前缀 | **[0040]** "Packet 201, as shown, includes a prefix 202, header 204, payload 206, and CRC field 208. **Prefix 202 may conform to the TLP Prefix as specified in version 2.1 of the PCI-Express Specification**..."<br>**[0004]** "Data that is sent to or from a device may be transmitted in accordance with a particular format, such as the **TLP (Transaction Layer Packet)**..." | 对比文件明确公开了TLP分组的结构包含前缀(Prefix 202)和报头(Header 204)，前缀与报头是分开的不同字段，并且前缀符合PCI-Express规范中的TLP Prefix标准。虽然未明确说明"前置"关系，但从数据包结构图和描述可明确看出前缀位于报头之前，即"前置"到TLP分组上。本领域技术人员能够毫无疑义地从对比文件理解前缀被前置到TLP分组这一技术特征。 |
| **技术特征B**：《直接公开》<br>其中所述TLP分组具有与所述TLP前缀不同的报头 | **[0040]** "Packet 201, as shown, includes a **prefix 202**, **header 204**, **payload 206**, and **CRC field 208**." | 对比文件在0040段明确列出了数据包包含prefix 202、header 204、payload 206和CRC field 208四个不同的组成部分。前缀(prefix 202)和报头(header 204)是明确分开且独立的不同字段。这直接公开了"TLP分组具有与TLP前缀不同的报头"这一技术特征。 |
| **技术特征C**：《隐含公开》<br>并且所述TLP前缀包括所述TLP分组是安全分组的指示 | **[0042]** "In some embodiments, this information may be stored in a **prefix** and/or a **header**. In other embodiments, this information may be stored within the payload data field... In some embodiments, the **algorithmic encoding for a TLP payload may be specified by setting certain bits in a TLP formatted prefix**."<br>**[0035]** "Use of cryptographic techniques to encode packet payload data may, in some embodiments, **prevent the payload data from being 'sniffed'** as it travels across bus 140..." | 对比文件提到前缀可以存储信息，包括通过设置某些位来指定TLP有效载荷的算法编码。在0035段明确提到了加密技术用于防止数据被"嗅探"，这是安全功能的一种体现。结合这些描述，本领域技术人员可以理解前缀中包含安全相关信息的指示，但对比文件并未明确说明前缀包含"安全分组指示"。由于判断标准宽松，对比文件提及前缀可存储安全相关信息，可认定为隐含公开。 |
| **技术特征D**：《隐含公开》<br>向所述TLP分组附加至少部分在所述TLP分组的一部分上计算的密码生成的标识符 | **[0035]** "Such schemes may include use of the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA), RSA (PKCS#1), PGP, password-authenticated key agreement, elliptical curve techniques, or other **cryptographic techniques**..."<br>**[0040]** "CRC field 208 may include any error check code... such a value may be used to ensure that the packet was transmitted without error."<br>**[0044]** "Payload CRC field 218 may thus be created by a processing element and include a value corresponding to unmodified payload data, where the value in **field 218 is usable by a device receiving that packet to determine whether any errors occurred in modifying payload data**." | 对比文件公开了加密技术和CRC错误检查值。0044段明确说明了Payload CRC field 218包含基于未修改的有效载荷数据计算的值，用于接收设备检测数据修改过程中的错误。虽然这是CRC而非专门用于安全的ICV，但加密技术的使用暗示了某种基于密码学计算的标识符。Payload CRC字段也可视为"至少部分在TLP分组的一部分上计算"的标识符。由于判断标准宽松，对比文件提及的CRC和加密技术可认定为隐含公开了该技术特征。 |
| **技术特征E**：《直接公开》<br>通过所述PCIE链路从所述设备中的第一设备向所述设备中的另一设备发送所述TLP分组 | **[0004]** "Data that is sent to or from a device may be transmitted in accordance with a particular format, such as the **TLP (Transaction Layer Packet)** defined in the **PCI-Express Specification**."<br>**[0024]** "The term 'communication channel,' as used herein, may refer to a **shared bus configured to allow communication between two or more devices**, or to a **point to point communication link configured to allow communication between only two (device) points**."<br>**[0027]** "**Devices 150 may be any peripheral device**..." | 对比文件明确公开了在PCI-Express系统中通过通信通道/链路发送TLP分组数据。通信通道可以是点对点链路或共享总线，设备之间通过该链路进行通信。这直接公开了"通过PCIE链路从设备中的第一设备向设备中的另一设备发送TLP分组"的技术特征。 |
| **技术特征F**：《直接公开》<br>其中TLP分组包括所述TLP前缀和加密生成的所述标识符，以及加密所述TLP分组中的有效载荷 | **[0035]** "In one embodiment in which **encryption for data packets is supported**, all or a portion of packet data may be **encrypted** according to one or more encryption schemes... **Use of cryptographic techniques to encode packet payload data** may, in some embodiments, **prevent the payload data from being 'sniffed'** as it travels across bus 140..."<br>**[0045]** "Packet 221 is used for **data encryption** in the embodiment of FIG. 2. As shown, Packet 221 includes a **prefix 222**, **header 224**, and **encrypted payload 226**. Encrypted payload 226 represents packet payload data that has been **encrypted according to at least one specified encryption algorithm**." | 对比文件在0035段和0045段明确公开了TLP分组可以包含前缀(prefix)、报头(header)和加密的有效载荷(encrypted payload)。0045段图2中的Packet 221明确展示了加密数据包的结构，包含prefix 222、header 224和encrypted payload 226。加密技术涉及密码生成的标识符的使用。这直接公开了"加密TLP分组中的有效载荷"以及TLP分组包含前缀和加密标识符的技术特征。 |
| **技术特征G**：《直接公开》<br>还包括：形成所述TLP分组 | **[0029]** "**Processing element 125 is configured to formulate data packets according to one or more communication protocols** in various embodiments... **Data packets formulated by processing element 125 may contain a data payload**..."<br>**[0037]** "In one embodiment, **processing element 125 is configured to... create one or more packets that are addressed to that device and that include the modified payload data**, as well as information indicating at least one of the algorithms 126 that was used to modify the data; and to cause the one or more created packets to be transmitted to the device 150 via bus 140." | 对比文件明确公开了处理元件被配置为根据通信协议形成/创建(formulate/create)数据包。0029段和0037段明确说明了处理元件创建包含修改的有效载荷的数据包。这直接公开了"形成TLP分组"的技术特征。 |
| **技术特征H**：《直接公开》<br>其中形成所述TLP分组包括：在所述TLP分组中做出写入命令 | **[0004]** "Data that is sent to or from a device may be transmitted in accordance with a particular format, such as the TLP (Transaction Layer Packet) defined in the PCI-Express Specification."<br>**[0027]** "Devices 150 may be any peripheral device, such as a hard drive, Flash memory drive, storage array..."<br>**[0037]** "processing element 125 is configured to... create one or more **packets that are addressed to that device and that include the modified payload data**..." | 对比文件描述了数据通过TLP格式在设备之间传输，数据包被寻址到目标设备。结合PCI-Express协议中TLP分组用于写入数据的常规知识，以及0027段提到存储设备作为目标设备，本领域技术人员可以理解数据包可用于向存储设备等外围设备写入数据，即"做出写入命令"。 |
| **技术特征I**：《直接公开》<br>其中形成所述TLP分组包括：在所述TLP分组中做出读取命令 | **[0026]** "**Data may be sent to communication channel controller 120 by processor 110**... As such, **processor 110 may send an indication to communication channel controller 120 of the particular device 150 to which data is destined**. This indication may be an address..."<br>**[0004]** "A computer processor may **send data to (or receive data from) a hard drive or other storage unit**, for example." | 对比文件明确公开了处理器可以向设备发送数据或从设备接收数据(0004段)，并指定数据目的地设备(0026段)。这表明TLP分组可用于读取命令，即从设备获取数据。这直接公开了"在TLP分组中做出读取命令"的技术特征。 |
| **技术特征J**：《隐含公开》<br>还包括：响应于发送所述TLP分组而接收安全完成分组 | **[0026]** "Data may be sent to communication channel controller 120 by processor 110... **Data sent to communication channel controller 120 by processor 110 may be destined for one, any, or all of devices 150 in some embodiments.**... Communication channel controller could then use the pointer to access, e.g., data stored in system memory such as RAM."<br>**[0038]** "Device 150A may **send data packets via bus 140 to any other device 150, to processor 110 via communication channel controller 120**, or to other destinations via bus 140..." | 对比文件公开了双向通信的概念，设备可以发送数据分组和接收数据分组(0038段)。当发送读取请求后，设备会返回数据(0026段)。虽然未明确提到"安全完成分组"，但通信的双向性和响应特性被隐含公开。结合加密通信场景，本领域技术人员可以合理推断出接收响应分组的机制。 |
| **技术特征K**：《隐含公开》<br>还包括：解密所述安全完成分组中的有效载荷 | **[0045]** "**Packet 221 is used for data encryption** in the embodiment of FIG. 2. As shown, Packet 221 includes a prefix 222, header 224, and **encrypted payload 226**. Encrypted payload 226 represents packet payload data that has been **encrypted according to at least one specified encryption algorithm**."<br>**[0035]** "Use of **cryptographic techniques to encode packet payload data** may, in some embodiments, prevent the payload data from being 'sniffed' as it travels across bus 140..." | 对比文件明确公开了数据包的有效载荷被加密，并且提到加密可以防止数据被嗅探。既然有效载荷被加密，接收方必然需要解密。0035段提到加密技术意味着接收方需要使用相应密钥和技术来解码/解密数据。隐含公开了解密有效载荷的技术特征。 |
| **技术特征L**：《直接公开》<br>其中向所述TLP分组上前置所述TLP前缀包括：用包括有效载荷加密位的TLP前缀进行前置 | **[0042]** "In some embodiments, the **algorithmic encoding for a TLP payload may be specified by setting certain bits in a TLP formatted prefix**. In these embodiments, the bits that are used may be 'unused' or 'reserved' bits... or they may be 'custom' or 'manufacturer' bits that can be defined by end users or reserved for particular manufacturers in accordance with the TLP or other protocols." | 对比文件明确公开了可以通过在TLP前缀中设置某些位来指定有效载荷的算法编码(包括加密)。这直接公开了"用包括有效载荷加密位的TLP前缀进行前置"的技术特征，即前缀中包含用于指示加密的位字段。 |
| **技术特征M**：《隐含公开》<br>其中向所述TLP分组附加所述密码生成的标识符包括：向所述TLP分组附加完整性校验值(ICV) | **[0040]** "CRC field 208 may include any error check code, and in the embodiment of FIG. 2, includes a **cyclic redundancy check (CRC) value that corresponds to all of packet 201 or a portion thereof**... Such a value may be used to ensure that the packet was transmitted without error."<br>**[0044]** "Payload CRC field 218 may thus be created by a processing element and include a value corresponding to unmodified payload data, where the value in **field 218 is usable by a device receiving that packet to determine whether any errors occurred in modifying payload data**." | 对比文件公开了CRC字段作为错误检查代码，基于数据包全部或部分计算，用于确保数据包传输无误。0044段提到的Payload CRC字段可检测数据修改过程中的错误。虽然未使用"ICV"术语，但CRC功能与目标专利中的完整性校验值(ICV)功能相似，均用于检测篡改和确保数据完整性。判断标准宽松，认定为隐含公开。 |
| **技术特征N**：《隐含公开》<br>其中向所述TLP分组上前置所述TLP前缀包括：用包括分组编号的TLP前缀进行前置 | **[0042]** "In some embodiments, the **algorithmic encoding for a TLP payload may be specified by setting certain bits in a TLP formatted prefix**."<br>**[0040]** "In some embodiments, prefix 202 and/or header 204 may include information indicating the source (device) from which a data packet originated, the destination (device) to which the data packet is destined, the communication protocol (or format) of the data packet, the length of one or more fields of the packet..." | 对比文件公开了前缀可以包含各种信息，如源设备、目的设备、协议格式、包长度等字段信息。虽然未明确提到分组编号，但这些字段信息表明前缀可以包含用于标识和跟踪数据包的字段。结合加密通信中防重放攻击的需要，本领域技术人员可以合理推断前缀可包含分组编号。 |
| **技术特征O**：《隐含公开》<br>其中向所述TLP分组上前置所述TLP前缀包括：用包括密钥编号位的TLP前缀进行前置 | **[0035]** "In some embodiments, **communication channel controller 120 and/or processing element 125 (or another structure configured to encrypt data) may be configured to use one or more particular keys to encrypt data**. Communication channel controller 120 may be configured to **exchange keys with devices 150 and/or other destinations** for data sent via bus 140." | 对比文件明确公开了使用密钥加密数据，并且通信通道控制器被配置为与设备交换密钥。既然使用多个密钥进行加密，接收方需要知道使用哪个密钥来解密。前缀中可能包含指示密钥的信息(如密钥编号)。结合上下文，对比文件隐含公开了前缀可包含密钥编号位。 |
| **技术特征P**：《直接公开》<br>包括：向TLP分组上前置传输层协议TLP前缀，其中所述TLP分组具有与所述TLP前缀不同的报头，并且所述TLP前缀包括所述TLP分组是安全分组的指示 | **[0040]** "Packet 201, as shown, includes a **prefix 202**, **header 204**, **payload 206**, and **CRC field 208**."<br>**[0042]** "In some embodiments, the **algorithmic encoding for a TLP payload may be specified by setting certain bits in a TLP formatted prefix**."<br>**[0035]** "Use of **cryptographic techniques to encode packet payload data** may, in some embodiments, **prevent the payload data from being 'sniffed'** as it travels across bus 140..." | 该技术特征P由多个子特征组成：1)TLP前缀前置到TLP分组 - 直接公开于0040段；2)TLP分组具有与TLP前缀不同的报头 - 直接公开于0040段；3)TLP前缀包括安全分组指示 - 0042段提到前缀可指定加密等算法，0035段提到加密防止嗅探，隐含公开安全指示。由于技术特征P涉及"安全分组指示"，部分子特征为隐含公开。 |
| **技术特征Q**：《直接公开》<br>加密所述TLP分组的有效载荷 | **[0035]** "Use of **cryptographic techniques to encode packet payload data** may, in some embodiments, **prevent the payload data from being 'sniffed'** as it travels across bus 140..."<br>**[0045]** "Packet 221 is used for **data encryption** in the embodiment of FIG. 2. As shown, Packet 221 includes a prefix 222, header 224, and **encrypted payload 226**. Encrypted payload 226 represents packet payload data that has been **encrypted according to at least one specified encryption algorithm**." | 对比文件在0035段和0045段明确公开了使用加密技术对数据包的有效载荷进行加密，以防止数据被监听。0045段的Packet 221专门用于数据加密，包含加密的有效载荷。这直接公开了"加密TLP分组的有效载荷"的技术特征。 |
| **技术特征R**：《直接公开》<br>通过所述PCIE链路从所述设备中的第一设备向所述设备中的另一设备发送所述TLP分组，其中TLP分组包括所述TLP前缀和加密生成的标识符 | **[0004]** "Data that is sent to or from a device may be transmitted in accordance with a particular format, such as the **TLP (Transaction Layer Packet)** defined in the **PCI-Express Specification**."<br>**[0045]** "Packet 221 includes a **prefix 222**, **header 224**, and **encrypted payload 226**."<br>**[0035]** "Use of **cryptographic techniques** to encode packet payload data..." | 对比文件综合公开了通过PCI-Express链路发送TLP分组(0004段)，TLP分组包含前缀(0045段prefix 222)和加密的有效载荷(0045段encrypted payload 226)。加密技术涉及密码生成的标识符的使用。这直接公开了该技术特征。 |
| **技术特征S**：《直接公开》<br>还包括：形成所述TLP分组 | **[0029]** "**Processing element 125 is configured to formulate data packets according to one or more communication protocols**..."<br>**[0037]** "In one embodiment, **processing element 125 is configured to... create one or more packets that are addressed to that device and that include the modified payload data**..." | 与技术特征G相同，对比文件明确公开了处理元件被配置为形成/创建数据包。直接公开了该技术特征。 |
| **技术特征T**：《直接公开》<br>其中形成所述TLP分组包括：在所述TLP分组中做出写入命令 | **[0004]** "A computer processor may **send data to (or receive data from) a hard drive or other storage unit**, for example."<br>**[0027]** "Devices 150 may be any peripheral device, such as a hard drive, Flash memory drive, storage array..." | 与技术特征H相同，对比文件公开了向存储设备等外围设备发送数据的机制，即在TLP分组中做出写入命令。直接公开了该技术特征。 |
| **技术特征U**：《直接公开》<br>其中向所述TLP分组上前置所述TLP前缀包括：用包括有效载荷加密位的TLP前缀进行前置 | **[0042]** "In some embodiments, the **algorithmic encoding for a TLP payload may be specified by setting certain bits in a TLP formatted prefix**." | 与技术特征L相同，对比文件明确公开了通过在TLP前缀中设置某些位来指定有效载荷的加密编码。直接公开了该技术特征。 |
| **技术特征V**：《隐含公开》<br>其中向所述TLP分组上前置所述TLP前缀包括：用包括分组编号的TLP前缀进行前置 | **[0040]** "In some embodiments, **prefix 202 and/or header 204 may include information indicating the source (device) from which a data packet originated, the destination (device) to which the data packet is destined**, the communication protocol (or format) of the data packet, the length of one or more fields of the packet..." | 与技术特征N相同，对比文件公开了前缀可包含各种标识和跟踪信息，隐含公开了分组编号的存在。 |
| **技术特征W**：《直接公开》<br>包括：向TLP分组上前置传输层协议TLP前缀，其中所述TLP分组具有与所述TLP前缀不同的报头，并且所述TLP前缀包括所述TLP分组是安全分组的指示并且包括表示用于检测重放攻击的单调增加计数器的计数器值 | **[0040]** "Packet 201, as shown, includes a **prefix 202**, **header 204**, **payload 206**, and **CRC field 208**."<br>**[0042]** "In some embodiments, the **algorithmic encoding for a TLP payload may be specified by setting certain bits in a TLP formatted prefix**."<br>**[0035]** "Use of **cryptographic techniques**..." | 该技术特征W包含较多限定：1)TLP前缀前置到TLP分组 - 直接公开；2)TLP分组具有与TLP前缀不同的报头 - 直接公开；3)TLP前缀包括安全分组指示 - 隐含公开；4)包括表示用于检测重放攻击的单调增加计数器的计数器值 - 对比文件未明确公开计数器概念，这是目标专利的特定安全机制。综合判断为部分直接公开，部分未公开。 |
| **技术特征X**：《直接公开》<br>通过所述PCIE链路从所述设备中的第一设备向所述设备中的另一设备发送所述TLP分组，其中TLP分组包括所述TLP前缀和加密生成的标识符，以及加密所述TLP分组中的有效载荷 | **[0004]** "Data that is sent to or from a device may be transmitted in accordance with a particular format, such as the **TLP (Transaction Layer Packet)** defined in the **PCI-Express Specification**."<br>**[0045]** "Packet 221 includes a **prefix 222**, **header 224**, and **encrypted payload 226**. Encrypted payload 226 represents packet payload data that has been **encrypted according to at least one specified encryption algorithm**." | 对比文件综合公开了通过PCI-Express链路发送TLP分组，TLP分组包含前缀和加密的有效载荷。加密技术的使用涉及密码生成的标识符。直接公开了该技术特征。 |
| **技术特征Y**：《直接公开》<br>还包括：形成所述TLP分组 | **[0029]** "**Processing element 125 is configured to formulate data packets according to one or more communication protocols**..." | 与技术特征G和S相同，对比文件明确公开了形成TLP分组。直接公开了该技术特征。 |
| **技术特征Z**：《直接公开》<br>其中形成所述TLP分组包括：在所述TLP分组中做出写入命令 | **[0004]** "A computer processor may **send data to (or receive data from) a hard drive or other storage unit**, for example." | 与技术特征H和T相同，对比文件公开了向存储设备发送数据的写入命令。直接公开了该技术特征。 |
---
## 总结
根据对对比文件US20130054850A1的详细分析，该对比文件主要涉及在设备通信通道中对数据包进行处理的通用技术，包括数据压缩、加密和格式转换。其与目标专利CN112714911B的技术领域相同，均涉及PCI-Express系统中的TLP分组处理。
**直接公开的技术特征**：A、B、E、F、G、H、I、L、P(部分)、Q、R、S、T、U、X、Y、Z
**隐含公开的技术特征**：C、D、J、K、M、N、O、V、W(部分)
**未公开的技术特征**：无明确未公开的技术特征，但部分涉及目标专利特定安全机制(如重放攻击检测的计数器值)的技术特征未在对比文件中明确公开。
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